The Web interface password needs to be reset via the command line on your Pi-hole. This can be done locally or over SSH. You will use the pihole command to do this:
pihole -a -p
You will be prompted for the new password. If you enter an empty password, the password requirement will be removed from the web interface.
There is an indirect authentication: Before you can execute that command you need to log in (e.g. via SSH) into the command line of the Raspi/operating system.
The user you are operating under has sudo by default.
Edit: Either pihole -a -p asked for your password for sudo or you previously used sudo and were still in the authorization period. (Or you're using raspbian and pi user is set to passwordless sudo which is a bad practice but that's raspbian's decision.)
Changing the password via the web interface is possible in the currently running v6.0 beta of Pi-hole, check out Pi-hole V6 Beta Testing – Pi-hole
In Pi-hole v6.0 you can:
Set the password (if none is set)
Change the password (if set and you know the current one)
Remove the password (if set and you know the current one)
What you cannot do is:
Reset the password when one is set and you don't know it
This isn't possible for quite obvious reasons... you will have to use the CLI (over SSH) to reset it in this case