Dashboard clients not listed, only localhost

Ah, I did not read well enough - sorry for that.

You'd have to sort this out in Docker indeed.
I see no reason why you should not try using host mode for a start.

And it wouldn't require swarm. (click for more)

I think I recall the sentence in Docker's documentaton that may have convinced you to think otherwise:

host is only available for swarm services on Docker 17.06 and higher

would be be less misleading if rephrased

host for swarm services is only available on Docker 17.06 and higher

It becomes clearer if you actually follow the link in that same paragraph:

See use the host network.


I've only recently replied to a similar topic that may apply to your setup as well.
Please have a look at Source address in docker shows as bridge gateway from other subnets.