Firstly, the SSL cert that was working is now throwing an error NET::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID.
After this error, I changed the domain for Pi-hole in pihole.toml to another domain, which takes you to the login screen, but once logged it, it refreshes about 5-10 times then logs me back out.
Did you delete /etc/pihole/tls.pem after you changed the domain? If not, please do so and restart Pi-hole. This will generate a new certificate for the new domain.
which ensures config corruption will only send you back one iteration to the last known-to-work configuration instead of writing a configuration altogether anew.