Uninterrupted DNS lookups with no network interruption
Actual Behaviour:
I am seeing consistent, intermittent DNS timeouts - when browsing on multiple devices on the network, wired and wireless, there is a 5-10 second timeout every now and then, across all devices at the same time. This is especially noticeable on google meet, where it drops me temporarily from the meeting 2-3 times in the span of 45 minutes, every single meeting.
I replaced my ASUS router with a RT-AX86U Pro running Merlin-WRT, replaced my older Raspberry Pi with a Pi 5, fresh install of everything - Pi-Hole running DHCP with DNS set to Cloudflare, OpenDNS, Google, I have tried them all. The issue persists. When I circumvent the Pi-Hole it does not seem to occur. I've tried whitelisting some google domains to alleviate the meet issues, but no luck.
A thought as I have a similar router and setup. Have you tried turning DNS Director off or global redirecting everything to user defined DNS 1 (the Pi) in the dropdown? It's currently set to redirect everything to the router and that may be keeping clients from getting to the Rasperry Pi.
The log excerpt doesn't indicate any occurrences of time-outs, but there is a ~3 second period where upstream 1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1 are unresponsive for some of your queries, e.g.:
13:09:06: query[A] notifications.bitwarden.com from 192.168.1.134
13:09:06: forwarded notifications.bitwarden.com to 1.0.0.1
13:09:06: query[A] notifications.bitwarden.com from 192.168.1.134
13:09:06: forwarded notifications.bitwarden.com to 1.1.1.1
13:09:06: forwarded notifications.bitwarden.com to 1.0.0.1
(…)
13:09:07: query[A] notifications.bitwarden.com from 192.168.1.134
13:09:07: forwarded notifications.bitwarden.com to 1.1.1.1
13:09:07: forwarded notifications.bitwarden.com to 1.0.0.1
(…)
13:09:09: query[A] notifications.bitwarden.com from 192.168.1.134
13:09:09: forwarded notifications.bitwarden.com to 1.1.1.1
13:09:09: forwarded notifications.bitwarden.com to 1.0.0.1
13:09:09: reply notifications.bitwarden.com is <CNAME>
This would suggest an issue with upstream DNS servers providing replies not as fast as usually.
Pi-hole wouldn't be involved, as it just waits for the replies to arrive.
You could try to switch to a different set of upstreams and see if the issue persists.