Thank you for providing a more detailed configuration. It's much easier to grasp what you are up to now 
However, it is still as I deduced from your previous input:
Pi-hole is not involved here - your local setup is correct.
Your /etc/dnsmasq.d/04-mcsrv-record.conf
correctly sets up the local SRV records for your port redirects, and your /etc/dnsmasq.d/02-udochudo.ru.conf
sets the correct local A records for your mc1 and mc2 subdomains.
As a side note, just adding your domain names to /etc/hosts
would have had the same effect for your A records. But it's also nice to have the config files for one solution all in one place, much as you do have now. For that reason, I'd probably consider to put A and SRV record definitions in a single file together:
host-record=mc1.udochudo.ru,192.168.212.104
host-record=mc2.udochudo.ru,192.168.212.104
srv-host=_minecraft._tcp.mc1,192.168.212.104,25565,0,5
srv-host=_minecraft._tcp.mc2,192.168.212.104,25566,1,5
That's purely cosmetic, your local config is OK the way it is.
But seeing them all in one place possibly highlights the way to the solution:
Your public DNS config with Yandex is missing the A records for your subdomains.
Without them, mc1.udochudo.ru
and mc2.udochudo.ru
will never get resolved in the first place.
Try adding them to your Yandex DNS.
Oh, and doublecheck the SRV records there - udochudo.ru.
sports a trailing dot. I can't tell whether that is a display glitch only.
Also note that this just addresses public DNS.
You still might not be able to successfully connect to your MC servers through the Internet. You have to make sure the ports are allowed and forwarded by your router (which accepts the requests from the Internet) to your Minecraft server (which ultimately consumes them). How you do this will be highly specific to your router model.
Again, this is not Pi-hole related. You are more likely to find support when looking for web resources related to your router model.
And finally, a favour I'd like to ask:
Could you possibly rename this topic so it better reflects what problem you tried to address here?
Maybe 'How do I set SRV records for Minecraft port mapping for local and public networks' or something alike. Your post contains information that certainly could help other Minecraft enthusiasts 