Check the systemd journals with below (also read the follow ups):
Also you could try a higher spec AC adapter for power to see if things improve. Or another USB cable to power the Pi. Plus disconnect all USB devices connected to the Pi. See below:
https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html#power-supply-warnings
I still run Pi-hole on a:
$ cat /proc/device-tree/model Raspberry Pi Model B Rev 1