I would run the following commands at the OS level to install the 409 updates that are pending:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
Then run the verbose installer script. If that fails, then we know exactly where it fails. If there is a failure on that install, please post about ten lines leading up to the final line of the output.
I attempted update & upgrade. Then ran the curl command. There was no output at all. I removed the bash, to see what curl was attempting to do and received a "segmentation fault"
I then ran the upgrade command again and see an error. This is attempting to upgrade to buster.
dpkg-deb: error: '/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-SYZDl2/07-libfreetype6-dev_2.9.1-3+deb10u1_armhf.deb' is not a debian format archive
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-SYZDl2/07-libfreetype6-dev_2.9.1-3+deb10u1_armhf.deb (--unpack):
subprocess dpkg-deb --control returned error exit status 2
Preparing to unpack .../08-libpng16-16_1.6.36-6_armhf.deb ...
Unpacking libpng16-16:armhf (1.6.36-6) over (1.6.28-1+deb9u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../09-libfreetype6_2.9.1-3+deb10u1_armhf.deb ...
Unpacking libfreetype6:armhf (2.9.1-3+deb10u1) over (2.6-2rpi1rpi1g) ...
Preparing to unpack .../10-libuuid1_2.33.1-0.1_armhf.deb ...
Unpacking libuuid1:armhf (2.33.1-0.1) over (2.29.2-1+deb9u1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-SYZDl2/07-libfreetype6-dev_2.9.1-3+deb10u1_armhf.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
Thanks for the reply. I think my whole OS is messed up now. Every command is giving a "segmentation fault". I'll try to fix this issue and then re-run the installer.
It seems that the issue was the OS, somehow. I used a different SD card and installed pi from scratch on that new card. The installer went through with no issue on that OS. Thanks for the help!