Look in /var/log/pihole.log and see if the DHCP requests are appearing, and if they are appearing, if they are being answered with an IP. If there is a difference when the IP is static, you should be able to see it in the log transactions.
I don't really know to be honest, I just checked the log before and after trying to connect using DHCP then with a static IP and there doesn't seem to be anything about any of it.
If the client is receiving DHCP from Pi-Hole, then these transactions will be in your Pi-Hole logs. You can also check yesterday's log at /var/log/pihole.log.1
If a client requests and IP from Pi-Hole, there is a record of the request in the pihole log. If no request is made, then Pi-Hole won't assign an IP. So, if you don't see a request, the problem is in the client.
I assume at one time the router was providing DHCP? After you changed this to Pi-Hole, did you reboot the router and all clients, and then clients were able to get an IP from Pi-Hole? Or have clients never been able to get an IP from Pi-Hole?
This has been working fine using pihole as DHCP until this even when I had a powercut. When I brought the power back up no clients would reconnect to the WiFi.
If I disable the pihole DHCP and reenable in my router all suddenly connect up. Switch back and they won't connect.
Last DHCP request/act in the pihole log is just before the power cut.
I would not reinstall, since I still don't think the problem lies with the Pi-Hole DHCP server. I would try a few things though. If you do wish to reinstall Pi-Hole, you don't have to reinstall everything on the Pi.
Repair pihole with pihole -r - and select repair. This is basically a re-run of the installer script.
I would also put a packet sniffer on one of the clients that is unable to get an IP address with Pi-Hole DHCP. See where the DHCP transactions are going, since they aren't going to Pi-Hole.