No, the (obsolete) method of adding those and labelling them with alias interface names (like your eth0:1 as an alias for 192.168.254.123) is called IP-Aliasing.
If you'd add IPs to an interface with iproute2 commands, they'd show up as secondary IPs without an alias.
But for vlans, you'd typically use proper virtual interfaces (which can be created via iproute2 commands) , rather than just adding additional IPs.
However:
You'd need a router with VLAN support to manage VLANs.
If your router doesn't manage VLANs, then I'm neither sure whether you'd actually require VLANs, nor what exactly you would try to achieve.
Are you perhaps just trying to turn your Raspberry Pi into an AP (access point) for your cameras?
You should note that network configuration has become quite convoluted with the latest Raspberry Pi OS Trixie image, as RPi devs have decided to use netplan as the main network management tool, where netplan would generate configuration files for NetworkManager, and they ship a NetworkManager edition that is hard-coupled with netplan, so you wouldn't be able to use dhcpcd or systemd for network configuration OOTB.
As a consequence, configuration examples for specific networking scenarios that you find on the web may not work anymore, even if they target RPiOS 12/bookworm and above, as those would rely on using NetworkManager to handle connections, which may not work as intended anymore with netplan being the true source of network configuration, see e.g. nmcli creates nmconnection files in /run/NetworkManager/system-connections instead of /etc · Issue #3 · raspberrypi/trixie-feedback · GitHub.
Furthermore, RPi OS has also changed their 1stboot configuration to cloud-init.
You should be extra careful about picking your imaging tool to write your sd card.
It's probably safer to use the most recent RPi Imager 2 to write your SD card with Trixie and above, while keeping to use 1.9.6 and below to burn Bookworm and below images, or you may end up with undefined RPi OS behaviour (e.g. no ssh login, despite enabling ssh in RPi Imager).