There is no Pi-hole specific way to do this AFAIK but what you could probably do to accomplish this is setup a tool that watches the query log of Pi-hole and perform actions in response to certain matches in the query log.
One such tool designed exactly for WATCH X and DO Y type actions is already available on most linux os distros: Fail2Ban
You point it at a log file and it performs an action in response. The original/main/default purpose of fail2ban, as the name implies, is to watch for failed login attempts and ban the IP address but it was written generically enough that you can tell it's configs to watch any log file, and then run any shell script in response.